Egoism, Utilitarianism, and Kantian Ethics (the Categorical Imperative) Which Theory Best Addresses the Problem of Euthanasia?

By Jendayi, published Apr 28, 2007
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Euthanasia means "good death" but today the term is deemed as a merciful action to rid someone of suffering. In many cases we have seen terminally ill patients euthanized. Imagine that you were a significant other who has a loved one in the hospital suffering from a terminal illness and their pain is so unbearable that the subject of euthanasia comes up either active or passive. You want what is best for your loved one but his/her family is on the other end fighting as well, they of course want passive euthanasia in which the patient's disease is allowed to run its natural course with out any treatment that might
prolong life. And you seeing how awful the pain is want active euthanasia in which the loved one will be administered a lethal dose to end life. What would you do? How does the subject of euthanasia apply to the moral theories of Egoism, Utilitarianism, and Kantian Ethics? Which theory best addresses this problem?

"Egoism is a consequentialist ethical theory that contends that we act morally when we act in a way that promotes our own best long term interests." (290) So in deciding the morality of euthanasia the loved one or family would have to consider the morality of euthanasia they would have to consider "only the consequences for themselves.

Objection; Egoism - issue of conflicting interests

Both the significant other and family wants what is best for the sick loved one but only one decision can be made and allowed. It would in the significant other's best long-term interests but not in the family's interest if the significant other's decision over-ruled theirs. (vice-versa) It would also be in the significant other's best interest but not in the family's if their decision failed. The significant other would have to do everything he could to have his decision accepted. "It would be wrong for him/her not to do so" (522) (vice-versa)

I will now use a sample of Baier's argument to prove how Egoism has an issue of conflicting interests.

Did You Know?
The Kantian Ethics approach states that the person should decide for
themselves the moral laws that he will follow. One should not make a
decision if it can not become a universal law of nature.
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