Tips for Teachers: Cooperative and Collaborative Learning

What is it?

Cooperative and collaborative learning are two pedagogical strategies whose terms are used interchangeably. Cooperative/collaborative learning occurs when students work together in small groups to complete a worksheet, lesson, experiment, or even a whole unit. Each student within the group is held responsible for their own individual work. The entire group is usually assessed as well (Educational Broadcasting Corporation, 2004).

Why use it?

There are many social reasons why a teacher may choose to use cooperative/collaborative learning groups in the classroom. Cooperative/collaborative groups encourage socialization which can help cultivate interpersonal skills and also help students learn to deal with conflict when group members do not agree. Students can essentially feed off of one another in cooperative/collaborative groups. They can use their
strengths to help other students while simultaneously working on their weaknesses. Another reason this pedagogical strategy is used is because it honors diversity and every contribution is respected (Educational Broadcasting Corporation, 2004).

Along with the social benefits, cooperative/collaborative groups also have academic reasons for their use. Students have an investment in their own learning and this often motivates students to work harder and gain more knowledge. Teachers can utilize groups to answer questions or complete projects which can lead to a deeper understanding of content, as well as encouraging critical thinking (Educational Broadcasting Corporation, 2004).

How does it work?