Hyperthyroidism: An Obscure Disorder

Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is overproductive in creating thyroid hormones, which results in a metabolism imbalance. Located in the neck, the thyroid gland produces a variety of hormones that control the way that the human body uses energy. The thyroid is part of the extremely complex endocrine system, and can have a nominal to severe impact on other organs in the same system. 

Hyperthyroidism, also called thyrotoxicosis, occurs when the thyroid releases large amounts of hormones in a brief amount of time, often for several months or years. This condition can be precipitated by a number of pre-existing conditions, such as Graves’ Disease, tumors, growths, the ingestion of copious amounts of thyroid hormone, or ingestion of iodine. Of all of the causes, Graves’ Disease accounts for more than 80% of all hyperthyroidism cases.

The following symptoms are common in people who suffer from hyperthyroidism:

- Sudden or dramatic weight loss
- Increase in appetite
- Fatigue
- Nervousness
- Menstrual irregularities (women only)
- Severe perspiration
- Frequent or discolored stool
- Restlessness
- Paranoia

Less common symptoms include a racing pulse, nausea, clammy skin, hair loss, difficulty sleeping, lack of menstruation and frequent blushing or flushing of skin.

Laboratory tests will show a decrease in Serum TSH and an elevation in T3 and T4 when a patient suffers from hyperthyroidism. A physical examination might show that the thyroid has become enlarged, which is called Goiter, and that the patient is experiencing high blood pressure, pulse, temperature and breathing. All of these tests and observations can be made in your primary healthcare provider's office, though future tests in a hospital or imaging center might be required.