Pancreatic Enzyme Supplements

Many cystic fibrosis patients demonstrate pancreatic insufficiency. This leads to issues of malabsorption and poor nutritional status. A number of prescription enzyme supplements are available to help the body absorb more vitamins and minerals.

Definition of an enzyme:

(EN-zime) protein made by the body that brings about a chemical reaction, for example, the enzymes produced by the gut to aid digestion.[1]

One of the functions of the pancreas is to secrete enzymes into the small intestine. Enzymes are critical to the digestion process, because they break down food. In persons with cystic fibrosis, the pancreas is unable to release enzymes because the ducts (i.e. passageways) are blocked by thick sticky mucus.

In order for the body to make use of food, it has to have a way to absorb the nutrients from that food. Protein, carbohydrates and fat are the three sources of calories in food. There are specific types of enzymes that break down each of these. Amylase helps the body absorb carbohydrates. Lipase is effective in breaking down lipids and fats. Protease breaks down protein.

People with CF are prescribed one of the following brands of supplemental enzymes:

Creon ®, Ultrase ®, Ultrase ® Viokase ®, Pacreacarb ® MS, Pancrease ®, Pancrease ® MT

No matter which type of supplemental enzymes a person takes, they all contain a mixture of lipase, protease and amylase. The only difference is in how many units of each is contained in each capsule. The capsule is filled with tiny beads-these are the enzymes.

Enzyme supplements are sold as "enteric coated capsules." Enteric coating means that the capsule is designed to break down in the small intestine, and not the stomach. This is so that the beads of protease, amylase and lipase are released in a way that mimics the body's natural digestion process.