Your Child and Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is the most common form of eczema that affects babies and children. Characterized by red, extremely dry, scaly and itchy skin, atopic dermatitis is usually an abnormal immune system response (or hypersensitivity) to a substance. The condition may appear with other allergy-related conditions such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and allergic conjunctivitis. Chronic scratching can further inflame the skin, promote bacterial infection, and cause the skin to thicken. Rough woolen fabrics, harsh soaps, household chemicals, animal dander or saliva, dust mites, and some foods, notable eggs, fish, peanut butter, milk, soy products and wheat are common triggers.

Young children and babies are most commonly affected by atopic dermatitis. Infants are usually affected on the scalp, cheeks, forehead, legs and forearms. Older children will often develop inflamed skin on the face and neck, and in the insides of the knees, ankles, and elbows. Atopic dermatitis is not contagious, and cannot be cured, but can be managed with treatment and by avoiding known triggers. Atopic dermatitis may flare up and then disappear, only to recur later. Children often outgrow the condition as they approach adulthood, although the skin may remain dry and sensitive.

It is necessary to control the extreme itching to help your child avoid excessive scratching, which can promote secondary bacterial infections and thickening or darkening of the skin. The time-honored baking soda or oatmeal bath in lukewarm water can soothe the skin. Never bathe the child in hot water, which can cause a flare-up. Avoid harsh soaps and use a non-drying soap or soap substitute instead. When the child is done with the bath pat him dry with a soft towel. Don't rub the skin, and quickly apply a moisturizer to help the skin retain water. A daily bath will not dry out the skin too much, and may even be helpful, if these steps are taken.