Avoiding Disease in Afghanistan

Afghanistan is open for tourism. These days, travelers flying into Kabul are no longer just military contractors or aid workers. In 2005, Afghanistan's Tourism Office estimated that 2,200 travelers into the country were tourists. Tour operators are offering escorted trips into this South Asian country while some individuals are traveling solo.

Visiting Afghanistan as it emerges into a democracy is exciting. However, it is a developing nation without the infrastructure, sanitation and health care system that Americans are accustom.

Following are immunizations recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for US citizens, as well as tips to keep travelers healthy when visiting Afghanistan. Importantly, visit your doctor at least 4 to 6 weeks prior to your departure date to ensure vaccinations take effect. In some cases, vaccinations are available only through your county health department. Your doctor will advise you accordingly.

Hepatitis A Virus (HAV). Given in the form of a shot. Protection against infection is 4 weeks following the initial dose. A second shot is needed 6 to 18 months later. HAV can be transmitted via person-to-person contact; exposure to contaminated water, fruits, vegetables and other raw foods.

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). Given in the form of a series of three shots. After the initial shot, two additional ones are needed at 3 and 6 months. Twinnix, a vaccine protecting against both Hepatitis A and B, is also on the market. HBV is spread through infected blood and other bodily fluids.

Malaria. Antimalarial medication is prescribed and should be taken one week prior to your trip departure date. Malaria is transmitted by biting mosquitoes. Although the CDC states the risk of contracting malaria is between April and December in altitudes lower than 6,561 feet (2,000 meters), there are cases where people have contracted it outside of these parameters.