Catching a Break: An Overview of Helpful Medications Used to Treat Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a painful disease affecting approximately 44 million Americans, over half of whom are female (68%).[1] While both preventable and treatable, Osteoporosis nonetheless remains a major public health threat throughout the United States and abroad. The NIH Osteoporosis & Related Bone Diseases National Resource Center estimates that "one out of every two women and one in four men over age 50 will have an Osteoporosis-related fracture in their lifetime."

The Center classifies Osteoporosis as "a disease characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to bone fragility and an increased susceptibility to fractures of the hip, spine, and wrist."[2] The disease can lead to loss of height, painful and debilitating fractures, and subsequently, a major decline in physical and mental health. Many patients with Osteoporosis experience considerable pain and even lose the ability to care for themselves. The disease is diagnosed through a bone density test; a simple, painless procedure that can be performed in about 10 minute's time.

Risk factors for Osteoporosis include gender (chances of developing the disease are greater in females, particularly those who are postmenopausal); advanced age; small, thin-boned body type; family history of Osteoporosis or fractures; and ethnicity. Caucasian and Asian women are at the highest risk, while African-American and Latino women have a lower, yet still significant risk. Certain other factors and lifestyle behaviors can also increase the risks, including anorexia, lack of calcium and Vitamin D intake, use of glucocorticoids (Steroids) and anticonvulsants, lack of nutrition, alcohol consumption and smoking, and a lack of physical activity.

There are currently several medications available for the prevention and treatment of Osteoporosis in both men and women. These medications are intended to reduce bone loss and increase lumbar and hip bone density, thereby reducing the risk of fractures. Such therapies include:

Bisphosphonates: