How to Tie-Dye

Summer is a great time to try out new projects or experiment with old favorites, such as tie-dyeing. If you’ve never tie-dyed before you are in for a big treat. Creating your own colorful designs on a t-shirt, handkerchief, or other fabric is an exciting way to be creative. 

Most people think of the 1960’s or 1970’s when they see tie-dyed t-shirts, but tie-dyeing actually goes back to the eighth century in ancient Japan where it was called Shibori. This dyeing technique was also used in many other cultures such as India, Nigeria, and areas of West Africa. The end results produced everything from beautiful organic shapes to precise geometric designs. 

There are many ways to fold, tie, and dye the fabric. This short tutorial can be used to get you on your way to superb creations, but tie-dye is ultimately an activity of experimentation and creativity. The vibrant, impressive designs that you may see in a store have come from years of experimenting with fabrics, dyes, and tying methods. So be patient, have fun, and be creative!

Step 1: Setting Up the Dyes

There are many different dyes on the market today that come in an array of colors. When purchasing dyes, there is one thing that you must take into account. You are going to only want to purchase fiber reactive dyes. These are the most permanent, brightest, and long-lasting dyes. Fiber reactive dyes are much better than all-purpose dyes because the molecules in reactive dyes permanently bond to fibers such as cotton, linen, and hemp when the pH level of the dye is raised. The color will not bleed or fade during washing, however, over time the colors will fade with exposure to sunlight. 

The dye comes in a powdered form so you are going to want to wear a dust mask when mixing the dye to avoid inhaling it. One well-known dye is Procion MX, but any fiber reactive dye will do. In addition to the dye you are also going to need one tablespoon of Urea, water softener if needed, and sodium alginate thickener if desired. The thickener will slow down the spread of color and make the dye easier to control.