The Treaty of Wanghia also known as the Sino - American Treaty of Wanghia - the first diplomatic agreement between the nations of the United States of America and China. It was signed on July 3, 1844 in Kun lam Temple.
The name of the treaty comes from a village in today's Macau Special Administrative region of the People's Republic of China, back then known as Macau, now a part of two Christian churches known as Our Lady of Fatima Parish which is northeast of St. Anthony Parish and St. Lazarus Parish.
The United States of America under President John Tyler (1790 - 1818) sent in Massachusetts lawyer and United States Congressman Caleb Cushing (1800 - 1879) as commissioner and the first Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to China (Ambassador to China), a position which he held until March 4, 1845. This was because America was concerned about the United Kingdom dominating the trade practices in the nation of China. Also sent to accompany and act as an interpreter to Ambassador Cushing was a man by the name of Peter Parker (1804 - 1888). He was a doctor of medicine and a Presbyterian minister well traveled within the regions of the dynasty of the Qing (1644 - 1911). The Qing dynasty sent a representative known as Qiying (1787 - 1858), a Governor - General of Guangdong and Guangxi to negotiate the Wanghia Treaty. Qiying was successful in his negotiations involving the Treaty of Canton with Sweden - Norway bargaining diplomatic deals with Carl Fredrik Likjevalch (1796 - 1870) and the Treaty of Whampoa in which France sent Theodore de Lagren.
The Wanghia Treaty contained within it the provisions of extraterritoriality, the fixed tariffs on the ports which traded to the United States, the right to buy land in the five treaty ports and erect hospitals and churches within them, and the right to learn how to speak Chinese by getting rid of a law which up to now forbade foreign people to do so.
The United States wanted to show good will towards China by declaring the Opium trade illegal and handing over anyone (Chinese or American) responsible for breaking Chinese laws.
The name of the treaty comes from a village in today's Macau Special Administrative region of the People's Republic of China, back then known as Macau, now a part of two Christian churches known as Our Lady of Fatima Parish which is northeast of St. Anthony Parish and St. Lazarus Parish.
The United States of America under President John Tyler (1790 - 1818) sent in Massachusetts lawyer and United States Congressman Caleb Cushing (1800 - 1879) as commissioner and the first Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to China (Ambassador to China), a position which he held until March 4, 1845. This was because America was concerned about the United Kingdom dominating the trade practices in the nation of China. Also sent to accompany and act as an interpreter to Ambassador Cushing was a man by the name of Peter Parker (1804 - 1888). He was a doctor of medicine and a Presbyterian minister well traveled within the regions of the dynasty of the Qing (1644 - 1911). The Qing dynasty sent a representative known as Qiying (1787 - 1858), a Governor - General of Guangdong and Guangxi to negotiate the Wanghia Treaty. Qiying was successful in his negotiations involving the Treaty of Canton with Sweden - Norway bargaining diplomatic deals with Carl Fredrik Likjevalch (1796 - 1870) and the Treaty of Whampoa in which France sent Theodore de Lagren.
The Wanghia Treaty contained within it the provisions of extraterritoriality, the fixed tariffs on the ports which traded to the United States, the right to buy land in the five treaty ports and erect hospitals and churches within them, and the right to learn how to speak Chinese by getting rid of a law which up to now forbade foreign people to do so.
The United States wanted to show good will towards China by declaring the Opium trade illegal and handing over anyone (Chinese or American) responsible for breaking Chinese laws.
- The Wanghia Treaty was a success for America.
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