The Cynocephali and the Monster's Continual Role

Known throughout the European medieval world, the Cynocephali was easily the most popular and recognized monster (Friedman 15). Regarding his appearance, the Cynocephali possessed a "dog-headed face" with "fangs larger than that of a dog," "thick long legs," and "a hairy tail" protruding from its hind region (Dillon 49). Additionally, rather than a normal human speech the Cynocephali communicates though a series of barks and growls (Murphy 85). Using a bow or spear, a Cynocephali had impeccable precision. This battle expertise leads to many to many rumors and tales of the Cynocephali as fierce and brilliant warriors. Adding to the fear of the Cynocephali's battle prowess, the Cynocephali often consumed human flesh and would eat the bodies of warriors slain in battle (Cohen 15).

Despite their bestial nature, these dog-headed monsters actually had some very unique characteristics. Unlike many monsters, the Cynocephali were initially considered peaceful, "domesticating cattle, goats, and sheep" (Dillon 50). This human element likely helps to explain the implementation of the Cynocephali into religion and other important roles in medieval society. The Cynocephali was essentially a factual race of people. Thus, the idea that Saint Christopher, a Cynocephali, could become a human through his service and the will of God after a baptism was completely plausible to individuals of the period (Rudwick 213). Lastly, dog-headed people also possessed especially long lives, living far beyond the years of the average human life. Ultimately, disregarding their bizarre and fantastical elements, the Cynocephali was surprisingly similar to humans.