What is the Self Employment Tax?

So who exactly is subject to the IRS self employment tax? Sole proprietors, partners in a small business and independent contractors are the most common examples of people subject to the self employment tax. But just because you make a couple of dollars selling some stuff on an auction website doesn't mean you'll have to pay taxes on it. You need to have earned $400.00 or more during the tax year before you have to pay taxes on the money.

To help explain what the self employment tax is you need to understand what taxes are paid on your behalf when you work for someone else. The taxes that would normally be taken out of your check by your employer include both the federal withholding tax and FICA. The tax we're concerned with here is the FICA tax. Normally this tax is 7.65% of your gross income. The tax is actually two separate taxes. One is your Social Security tax with a tax rate of 6.2%. The other goes to Medicare and the tax rate for it is 1.45%. Combined you have your 7.65% tax rate.

Now the federal withholding and FICA taxes are normally withheld by your employer and sent to the IRS. But the actual rate paid to the IRS for the FICA tax is not 7.65%. That is just the portion that is withheld from your paycheck. The actual FICA rate that is paid is 15.3%. The 7.65% you pay on your gross wages has to be matched by your employer and is then applied to your account. So if you had $100.00 withheld for the FICA tax by your employer then they have to match that money with an additional $100.00. If you are the employer this can eventually become a very large amount of money that you will be responsible for paying.