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Analyzing John Stuart Mill and Utilitarianism

By Farzin Mojtabai, published Dec 27, 2006
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Three objections John Stuart Mill cites that are commonly used against Utilitarianism are that it is overburdensome, makes one unsympathetic to where actions emanate and is an expedient ideology.

Mill states that "They (objectors) say that it is exacting to much to require people should always act from the inducement of promoting the general interestsof society". Here, Mill clearly demonstrates and puts forth the common accusation that is leveled against utilitarianism, that it is overburden some to assign each individual to live
constantly doing what is the greater good for society. This might be a more egoistic approach to ethics, the doctrine stating that people will only act out of self interest. Mill refutes this argument by claiming it a misinterpretation of utilitarianism principles and of ethics to level such a criticism against the philosophy. Mill states "The great majority of good are not intended for the benefit of the greater world, but for that of individuals, of which the good of the world is made up"...Mill is exhibiting through his statement that utilitarianism does not require each individual to serve the general population every day, but rather but each individual acting to benefit even one other soul, collectively that would multiply and benefit humankind for the greater good of the world. He argues that one need not even be conscious of the benefit in his positive actions' effect on the world for it to be part of the utilitarian idea.

Takeaways
  • The arguments for and against Utilitarianism
  • The response a Utilitarian would make to the main arguments against the ideology
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